History of Romania
Topic: About Romania (Mar 21, 2006)
Kingdom of Romania
The Old Kingdom
In 1866, the German prince Carol I (Charles or Karl) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was appointed as Domnitor of the Principality of Romania, to end the rivalry and struggle for the seat of power by the Romanian boyar factions. In 1877, Romania declared independence from the Ottoman Empire and, following a Russian-Romanian-Turkish war, its independence was recognized by the Treaty of Berlin, 1878, making it the first independent national state in the eastern half of Europe. Following the war Romania acquired Dobruja, but it was forced to cede southern Bessarabia to Russia. Domnitor Carol I was proclaimed the first King of Romania on March 26, 1881.
The new state, squeezed between the great powers of the Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, and Russian empires, looked to the West, particularly France, for its cultural, educational, military and administrative models. In 1916 Romania entered World War I on the Entente side, in the hope of taking Transylvania from Austria-Hungary. Romania was beaten, capital and two-thirds of the country occupied by Central Powers. Days before the end of WWI, Romania joined the war again, to nullify a humiliating peace treaty signed with Central Powers months before, and annex Transylvania. By the end of the war, the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires were gone; governing bodies created by the Romanians of Transylvania, Bessarabia and Bukovina chose union with Romania, resulting in Greater Romania.
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